Revista Agrotecnologia is an interdisciplinary electronic journal that publishes scientific articles in the areas of Agricultural Sciences, Agroecology, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Animal Science, Agricultural Engineering, Forestry Engineering, Fishing Engineering, Food Sciences and Technology. Its mission is to disseminate new knowledge and contribute to the development of science in the country and in the world. The magazine is published in continuous flow, in Portuguese or English. We publish original articles, systematic literature reviews, update articles and abstracts of scientific events. The process of submitting articles to the magazine is entirely online and to submit articles, simply register on the website.
A revista se reserva o direito de efetuar, nos originais, alterações de ordem normativa, ortográfica e gramatical, com vistas a manter o padrão culto da língua, respeitando, porém, o estilo dos autores. As provas finais serão enviadas aos autores. Os trabalhos publicados passam a ser propriedade da revista. As opiniões emitidas pelos autores dos artigos são de sua exclusiva responsabilidade.
TOMATO YIELD AND SOIL-BORNE DISEASES IN A “BANDEIRANTE” GREENHOUSEUSING GRAFTING AND SOILLESS CULTURE TECHNIQUES
The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of grafting with a disease-resistant rootstock and soilless cultivation on tomato yield and soil-borne diseases in a "Bandeirante"-type greenhouse. The experiment was conducted over three growing seasons (2019/20, 2020/21, and 2021/22) and compared three treatments: cultivation of the hybrid Coronel® tomato ungrafted and planted directly in the soil (control), cultivation of the hybrid Coronel® grafted onto the Shincheonggang® rootstock and planted directly in the soil, and cultivation of the hybrid Coronel® ungrafted and planted in pots filled with a mixed substrate. The variables evaluated included marketable and non-marketable fruit yield, incidence of bacterial wilt and darkening of the vascular system of the plants, and economic return of grafting and soilless cultivation techniques. The highest marketable yield (146.7 t∙ha-¹) was consistently obtained with ungrafted plants grown in pots and significantly exceeded by 63% (89.9 t∙ha-¹) and 48% (98.9 t∙ha-¹), respectively, the yield of ungrafted and grafted plants grown in soil. No incidence of bacterial wilt was observed, and darkening of the vascular system at the base of the stem was lower in ungrafted plants cultivated in pots. Only the soilless cultivation with mixed substrate provided a positive economic return (R$35,482.44) compared with the control. The results highlight the benefits of soilless cultivation with mixed substrate, including higher productivity and economic returns.
Copyright (c) 2025 Anderson Fernando Wamser, Fernando Pereira Monteiro, Guilherme Mallmann, Juracy Caldeira Lins Junior, Janice Valmorbida
AVALIAÇÃO DE PLANTAS DE COBERTURA EM SUCESSÃO À CULTURA DA SOJA
O estudo avaliou o efeito de diferentes espécies (aveia preta, ervilhaca, centeio e milho) cultivadas após a soja sobre a produção de biomassa e a qualidade física do solo no Planalto Norte do Rio Grande do Sul. O experimento foi realizado em Latossolo Vermelho e foram avaliadas a massa seca, comprimento das raízes, densidade do solo, infiltração de água e porosidade total após o cultivo das plantas de cobertura. A aveia preta foi a espécie mais eficiente na produção de biomassa. O milho, apesar de semeado fora de época e com menor biomassa, teve um maior comprimento radicular, porém não houve efeito sobre os parâmetros de infiltração de água, densidade e porosidade total do solo. O estudo conclui que a aveia preta é a melhor opção de cultivo no vazio outonal, podendo proporcionar inúmeros benefícios ao solo e às culturas em sucessão.
Copyright (c) 2025 Rafael Goulart Machado, Davi Londero, Leandro Hahn
Glyphosate is a widely used pesticide that has been associated with poisoning in both humans and animals. Its toxicity remains a topic of controversy, particularly regarding its carcinogenic potential. This study aimed to investigate a suspected case of glyphosate poisoning in a dog, providing a detailed account of the case history, clinical evolution, laboratory findings, and genotoxic assessment. A seven-month-old dog was referred to the Veterinary Hospital, presenting with mental confusion and ataxia. The pet guardian reported altered consciousness and incoordination twelve days after Roundup® was applied to the farm’s grass. A complete blood count revealed normocytic normochromic anemia, a packed cell volume of 20%, thrombocytopenia (50,000/µL), and severe leukocytosis (447,200/µL), with 95% of the white blood cells consisting of blasts of unidentified origin and 5% segmented neutrophils. Myelogram analysis showed a moderately cellular bone marrow sample with a predominance of primitive cells of undetermined origin (>95%), suggesting a diagnosis of leukemia. To further investigate the potential link between leukemia and glyphosate exposure, whole blood was collected in a heparinized tube for a comet assay. The test indicated moderate DNA damage. Chemotherapy was recommended; however, treatment was not pursued for personal reasons, and the patient died five days after the consultation. A necropsy was not authorized. This report contributes to the understanding of glyphosate poisoning and its potential health consequences, particularly its association with hematologic malignancies in canines
Copyright (c) 2025 ANA FLÁVIA MACHADO BOTELHO, Rayanne Henrique Santana da Silva, Marcelino Benvindo-Souza, Sara Sueli Ferreira de Almeida, Cilho Gabriel Rodrigues Leopoldino, Ana Gabriela Rodrigues Leopoldino, Pedro Henrique de Miranda Passos, Luiza Gabriella Ferreira de Paula, Daniela Melo e Silva, Danieli Brolo Martins
ELECTRONIC WASTE: PERCEPTIONS, HABITS, AND DISPOSAL PRACTICES WITHIN AUNIVERSITY COMMUNITY
Brazil ranks as the fifth-largest producer of electronic waste (e-waste) and faces challenges regarding its improper disposal. This study assessed the awareness and practices related to e-waste disposal among members of an academic community. A total of 648 individuals participated in the study by responding to an online questionnaire; 61.0% of them reported awareness of the environmental risks associated with improper e-waste disposal, and 57.3% still disposed of their mobile phones improperly. Among those reporting improper disposal practices, 25.0% stored old mobile phones at home, which hampers material recovery, reuse, or recycling, resulting in economic losses and environmental harm. Furthermore, the analysis of disposal practices showed that the presence of disposal points is not directly linked to the habit of correct disposal. Most individuals (75.0%) were unaware of reverse logistics mechanisms and the Brazilian National Solid Waste Policy. These findings underscore the urgent need for awareness-raising strategies to emphasize the individual responsibility in the proper disposal of e-waste
Copyright (c) 2025 Gabriela Gomes Lima, Junilson Augusto de Paula Silva, Carlos Filipe Camilo-Cotrim, Hélida Ferreira da Cunha, Vanessa Cristiane de Santana Amaral, Marcelino Benvindo de Souza, Luciane Madureira Almeida
DNA DAMAGE IN PHYLLOSTOMIDAE BATS FROM A MINING AREA IN CENTRALCERRADO, BRAZIL
The micronucleus (MN) test is widely used for detecting DNA damage resulting from pollutant exposure. However, studies involving wild mammals, particularly bats, one of the most diverse groups on the planet, are still scarce. In this context, the use of bioindicator organisms, such as bats, is essential for assessing environmental health. This study aimed to analyze the frequency of MN in peripheral blood samples from bats inhabiting an area impacted by ferronickel mining in Central Cerrado, Brazil. Three species were investigated: Artibeus lituratus (n = 5), Platyrrhinus lineatus (n = 6), and Lophostoma silvicola (n = 6). A total of 1000 cells were quantified for each animal. Overall, the mean MN frequency was 6.40 ± 2.70 for A. lituratus, 5.17 ± 2.64 for P. lineatus, and 9.50 ± 4.42 for L. silvicola, with no statistically significant differences among the species (F = 2.23; p = 0.143). Despite this result, L. silvicola, an insectivorous specimen, exhibited a slightly higher mean than the frugivorous species analyzed. The results reinforce the importance of the MN test as a valuable tool for ecotoxicological assessment and environmental health monitoring in areas subjected to anthropogenic activities, providing baseline data for the species investigated.
Copyright (c) 2025 Salete Soares Oliveira Sena
O PAPEL DO BAGAÇO DA CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR NA REDUÇÃO DA TOXICIDADE DO 2,4-D
O ácido 2,4-diclorofenoxiacético (2,4-D) é o segundo herbicida mais utilizado no Brasil e já foi demonstrado que esse composto químico tem o potencial ecotoxicológico. No entanto, não há estudos que avaliem a eficiência do bagaço de cana-de-açúcar como redutor do potencial impacto do herbicida 2,4-D sobre organismos do solo, especialmente as minhocas. Dessa forma, este estudo teve como objetivo avaliar se o bagaço de cana-de-açúcar, associado à terra, pode reduzir a disponibilidade do 2,4-D no solo e minimizar possíveis danos mutagênicos, além de alterações na biomassa de minhocas (Eisenia andrei). Para isso, Eisenia andrei foram expostas durante 14 dias a duas concentrações do herbicida (4 e 12 µg/L de 2,4-D) em solos com diferentes proporções de bagaço de cana (0, 25, 75 e 100%). Em geral, os resultados não indicaram diferenças significativas na biomassa nem na frequência de micronúcleos entre as concentrações de 2,4-D em relação ao controle. O que indica uma relação com o fato das concentrações testadas serem consideradas ambientalmente relevantes. Portanto, mais estudos são encorajados, especialmente com concentrações mais elevadas e a aplicação de outros biomarcadores para complementar as análises.
Copyright (c) 2025 José Augusto Siqueira de Castro, Ma. Cirley Gomes Araújo dos Santos, Dra. Vanessa Soares da Silva, Marcelino Benvindo-Souza, Rinneu Elias Borges, Lia Raquel de Sousa Santos
INCIDENCE OF PESTICIDE POISONING IN BRAZIL BETWEEN 2014 AND 2024
Brazil is the world leader in pesticide consumption, with more than 700,000 tons per year, which increases the risk of poisoning, especially among agricultural workers. This study analyzed the incidence of exogenous pesticide poisoning in Brazil between 2014 and 2024, identifying the most vulnerable groups and the regions with the highest number of cases. This retrospective ecological study, with a quantitative approach, was based on secondary data from the Notifiable Diseases Information System collected in January 2025. Geographic region, gender, race/skin color, age, educational level, occupation, and case evolution were analyzed. The study recorded 76,435 cases of pesticide poisoning between 2014 and 2024; most were concentrated in the Southeast (26.2%) and South (22.6%). Men (64.0%), individuals of brown skin color (42.8%), and agricultural workers (31.2%) were the most affected. Individuals aged between 20 and 39 represented 42.6% of occurrences. The study identified 584 cases of pesticide poisoning in pregnant women, with a higher incidence in the first trimester. Therefore, this study reinforces the need to control the use of pesticides, in addition to reinforcing training programs for agricultural workers, especially those in the most affected regions, such as the Southeast and South.
Copyright (c) 2025 Susy Ricardo Lemes Pontes, Luan Fernandes Anastacio
EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO THE FUNGICIDE MANCOZEB ON REPRODUCTIVE AND SOMATIC PARAMETERS OF MALE MICE
Mancozeb (MZB) is a pesticide that is used widely against a range of fungal diseases in plants. However, its effects on the male reproductive system are still unclear. Thus, this study analyzed the effects of MZB on the reproductive system of mice over different exposure periods. In addition, somatic parameters were evaluated. For this purpose, 48 adult male Swiss mice were distributed into 6 groups: 3 groups orally treated with 0.37 mg.kg-1 of MZB for 15, 30, or 60 days, and 3 control groups receiving only the vehicle (water) for the same period. The results showed an increase in the glycemic index, while the gastrocnemius muscle mass was lower in mice exposed to MZB. The seminal vesicle of treated mice was increased. MZB also promoted changes in the frequency of spermatogenic stages and in the number of Sertoli cells. Moreover, epididymal sperm count was increased in the cauda segment of mice exposed to MZB. These findings may be the result of a direct action of MZB on the thyroid pathway, which has been recognized as a target of MZB metabolites, besides being an important pathway involved in the male reproduction. However, further research is warranted to confirm this hypothesis.
Copyright (c) 2025 Me. Thamyres C. Rodrigues, Dra. Renata K. Carvalho, Dr. Walter D. Júnior, Dr. Caio C. Barbosa, Dra. Monica L. Andersen, Dra. Renata Mazaro-Costa
Gado ou Fogo? Qual impacto antrópico é mais prejudicial ás populações de espécie Palicourea rigida Kunth (Rubiaceae)
O Cerrado abriga espécies com estratégias adaptativas para enfrentar adversidades ambientais, no entanto poucos são os estudos que avaliam as consequências de impactos antrópicos como fogo e gado de populações nativas. Palicourea rígida é um arbusto típico que pode ser encontrada em diversas fitofisionomias sendo comum em cerrado stricto sensu. Este estudo comparou as características biométricas da P. rigida em três áreas do município de Ipameri, Goiás: uma protegida, uma com histórico de queimadas e uma com presença de gado. Análises fenológicas e morfológicas foram realizadas ao longo de 2020/21, registrando-se dados sobre o desenvolvimento vegetativo e reprodutivo da espécie em cada estação do ano. Os resultados demonstraram que as plantas na área protegida apresentaram maior crescimento e caracteres reprodutivos, enquanto as expostas ao fogo tiveram desenvolvimento intermediário, indicando resiliência à queimada. As plantas na área com gado foram as menos desenvolvidas, possivelmente devido a pisoteio e danos mecânicos. As condições climáticas influenciaram os ciclos fenológicos: a floração ocorreu do final do inverno ao verão, e a frutificação concentrou-se no verão. A análise dos dados sugere que a presença contínua de gado pode ser mais prejudicial ao desenvolvimento da P. rigida do que as queimadas. O estudo recomenda a proteção do Cerrado contra o gado para promover a conservação das espécies nativas.
Copyright (c) 2025 Isadora Lopes Pires, Gabriel Ettore Tiengo, Marcelo Ribeiro Zucchi, Denise da Silva Moreira, Ismael Martins Pereira, Vagner Santiago do Vale
INTEGRAÇÃO DE TECNOLOGIAS MÓVEIS E WEB NA OTIMIZAÇÃO DO DESPENDOAMENTO MECÂNICO NA AGRICULTURA
O setor agrícola investe fortemente em mecanização e tecnologia da informação para suprir a necessidade de ferramentas eficientes de gestão. Nas grandes lavouras de milho, o despendoamento mecânico é uma técnica essencial para melhorar a qualidade da colheita. Contudo, o agendamento desse serviço enfrenta desafios logísticos, pois depende da condição ideal da cultura, exigindo uma janela de trabalho específica. Este trabalho apresentou uma solução tecnológica integrada que visou otimizar o gerenciamento do despendoamento mecânico por meio de um sistema de coleta de dados em dispositivos móveis e uma aplicação web. A aplicação móvel, desenvolvida em Kotlin para dispositivos Android, permite que operadores registrem dados em tempo real diretamente no campo, proporcionando informações imediatas e precisas. A interface web, construída com React e Node.js, fornece uma visualização clara e organizada dos dados, facilitando a análise e tomada de decisões pelos gestores. O Firebase foi adotado como banco de dados, garantindo armazenamento seguro e sincronização em tempo real, o que elimina a necessidade de questionários impressos e reduz o retrabalho de digitação manual. A implementação deste sistema resultou em melhorias significativas na qualidade e confiabilidade dos dados, além de reduzir custos logísticos e de mão de obra. O sistema possibilita um monitoramento eficaz das operações de despendoamento, oferecendo uma base sólida para decisões estratégicas e aumentando a produtividade e eficiência no campo, contribuindo para uma gestão agrícola mais moderna e competitiva.
Copyright (c) 2025 Afonso Almeida Batista, Matheus Paixão Torquato, Luiz Felipe Grifo, Larissa Naomi Muramoto Cardoso, Victor Crespo de Oliveira, Diego Luiz Dalceco Pelicia, JOSE RAFAEL FRANCO
EFFECTS OF EXPOSURE TO A GLYPHOSATE-BASED HERBICIDE ON MALE MICEREPRODUCTION
Glyphosate is classified as a post-emergent herbicide with a broad spectrum of activity and is the most widely sold pesticide in Brazil and globally. Glyphosate is also recognized as an endocrine disruptor capable of inducing reproductive disorders in animals. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide (Gliz 480 SL) on the reproductive function of male mice during different exposure periods. The following parameters were analyzed: testicular germinal epithelium, daily sperm production, and sperm transit time through the epididymis. A total of 48 adult Swiss mice were divided into three groups exposed to glyphosate at a daily dose of 0.35 mg/kg for 15, 30, or 60 days, and three control groups that received only water (vehicle). A reduction in the relative mass of the caput/corpus of the epididymis, accompanied by a shorter sperm transit time, was observed after 15 days of exposure, resulting in increased sperm accumulation in the cauda epididymis. Stages V–VI of spermatogenesis showed reductions during 15 and 60 days of exposure. Based on the applied protocol, the glyphosate formulation Gliz 480 SL can alter reproductive parameters, particularly during short exposure periods.
Copyright (c) 2025 Thamyres C. Rodrigues, Renata K. Carvalho, Walter D. Júnior, Caio C. Barbosa, Monica L. Andersen, Renata Mazaro-Costa
EFEITO DE TRICHODERMA ASPERELLUM NA PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE ALFACE CRESPA
Para que a muda alface tenha uma boa sanidade e produtividade satisfatória é necessário ter mudas sadias e com bom vigor. O Trichoderma asperellum apresenta-se como uma das alternativas empregadas para minimizar os prejuízos e p aumentar a proteção da cultura com o uso do controle biológico, sendo estratégia de grande importância para a redução ou substituição do uso de produtos químicos no controle de fitopatógenos. Desse modo, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento de mudas de alface submetidas a concentrações crescentes de Trichoderma asperellum. Os tratamentos que constituíram o experimento foram: 0; 10; 50; 100 e 200 miligramas de Trichoderma asperellum por litro do substrato. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos casualizados com 5 repetições. As características fitotécnicas avaliadas foram: Velocidade de Emergência e Crescimento, número de folhas, diâmetro do caule, massa seca da raiz, massa seca da parte aérea e massa seca total. Na avaliação final, 42 dias após a semeadura, verificou-se que não houve diferença significativa para o IVE,NF, DCA. Para a MSR, MSPA e MST verificou-se que o tratamento 200 mg.L-1 apresentou média superior em relação aos demais tratamentos. Nas condições experimentais a aplicação de Trichoderma asperellum no substrato antes da semeadura demostrou-se capacidade de interferir positivamente na produção de mudas da alface crespa cultivar Emilia.
Copyright (c) 2025 Dr. José dos Santos Neto, Lenon Augusto Prado, Dr. Clandio Medeiros da Silva, Lucas Pereira Scheidt Feltz, Dr. André Luiz Oliveira de Francisco
PLANTING DATES FOR GREENHOUSE TOMATO CULTIVATION USING THE 'BANDEIRANTE' MODEL IN SOUTHERN BRAZIL
This study aimed to assess the profitability and fruit yield associated with tomato planting dates in a "Bandeirante" model greenhouse. The treatments were four planting dates: September 15, 2020, October 21, 2020, November 27, 2020, and January 4, 2021. The experimental design used randomized complete blocks, with six replicates. The Coronel® hybrid tomato was chosen for this experiment. The number and yield of marketable fruits in the extra AA and extra A classes, as well as the proportion of unmarketable fruits and the gross income were measured. The data analysis utilized analysis of variance, and when statistical differences were identified, means comparisons were made using Tukey's test at a 5% significance level. The highest marketable yield was recorded for the second planting date (163.6 t/ha), which did not significantly differ from the first planting date (143.4 t/ha). In contrast, the lowest marketable yield was observed for the fourth planting date (53.0 t/ha), significantly differing from the third planting date (105.9 t/ha). These results indicate that early planting times, specifically in September and October, yielded the highest productivity and fruit quality, which correlated with increased gross income, partially due to higher average market prices during these periods.
Copyright (c) 2024 Anderson Fernando Wamser, Juracy Caldeira Lins Junior, Fernando Pereira Monteiro, Janice Valmorbida, Guilherme Mallmann, Leandro Hahn, Anderson Luiz Feltrim
CARACTERIZAÇÃO FENOLÓGICA E ANALISE DA FRUTIFICAÇÃO DE AMEIXA JAPONESA COM BAIXA NECESSIDADE DE FRIO
A fruticultura temperada tem papel significativo economicamente e socialmente, especialmente no Paraná, no entanto, a produção de ameixas enfrenta desafios, como a redução na área cultivada devido à escaldadura. O estudo analisa genótipos de ameixa japonesa do banco de germoplasma do IDR-Paraná. O experimento foi instalado no polo regional do Instituto de Desenvolvimento Rural do Paraná – IAPAR-EMATER, no município de Ponta Grossa. O experimento foi realizado em DBC com 11 genótipos de ameixa. Foram realizadas avaliações do diâmetro, massa total dos frutos, massa de caroço, massa da polpa do fruto, sólidos Solúveis Totais e a Acidez total Titulavel. Os resultados obtidos foram comparados ao teste de F e submetidos ao teste de comparação de medias de Tukey 5%. Os resultados demostram que, com a exceção dos frutos dos genótipos G18 e G20, os demais demonstram qualidades físicas aceitáveis para o mercado consumidor, destacando-se especialmente os frutos G8 e 10-02-06, que possuem valor agregado. Em relação às características químicas, G18, G20 e G6 são exceções, apresentando níveis mais elevados de acidez nos frutos, embora ainda aceitáveis para o consumo, não sendo, no entanto, as preferências principais dos consumidores. No geral, as outras características mantêm-se dentro dos padrões comerciais
Copyright (c) 2024 Lucas Pereira Scheidt Feltz, Flávio Corrêa de Carvalho, Iohann Metzger Bauchrowitz, André Luiz Oliveira de Francisco,, Clandio Medeiros da Silva
ISOLAMENTO E CARACTERIZAÇÃO DE ACTINOBACTERIA DE SOLO E SUA CAPACIDADE DE PRODUÇÃO DA ENZIMA QUITINASE
As actinobactérias são microrganismos produtores de uma variedade de metabólitos secundários com alto interesse farmacológico e comercial que promovem a bioprospecção das mesmas. Na agricultura, faz-se necessária a utilização de fontes de produtos naturais como alternativa ao uso de inseticidas e compostos químicos para o controle de pragas nas lavouras. Em função da demanda mundial pungente por novas moléculas advindas de microrganismos este trabalho teve por objetivo isolar e caracterizar morfologicamente actinobactérias do solo e avaliar a sua atividade quitinolítica. As actinobactérias foram isoladas por meio da técnica de diluição seriada seguida pelo plaqueamento em spread plate em meio de cultura Extrato de Solo (ES). Treze grupos morfológicos distintos foram encontrados e os mesmos foram avaliados quanto à atividade quitinolítica por meio de ensaios de degradação da quitina. O halo de degradação da quitina foi observado para apenas quatro cepas, sendo elas “ACT3”, “ACT11”, “ACT14” e “ACT19”. Este trabalho permitiu a identificação de colônias de actinobactérias e a seleção de cepas degradadoras de quitina, para serem utilizadas em futuros trabalhos de pesquisa.
Copyright (c) 2024 Perantoni, I.C.R., Ana Carla Stieven, Campos, D.T.S.
AVALIAÇÃO DE FENOIS TOTAIS E ATIVIDADE ANTIOXIDANTE EM ÁGUA LUPULADA
Hops (Humulus lupulus) are a climbing plant widely used in the manufacture of beers to impart bitterness, flavor and a distinct aroma. Although it is primarily associated with the brewing industry, it has a wide range of benefits for human health, standing out for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Recently, innovative products that exploit this plant have appeared on the market, such as hopped water. These are non-alcoholic drinks that feature the subtle, refreshing flavor of hops. However, the production of hopped water is still incipient in the Brazilian scenario. This study proposed to develop hoppy waters using the Comet variety, three of which were of national origin and one was imported. In the analysis of total phenols, hopped water produced with imported hops and that produced in the state of São Paulo presented the lowest values (put the average) and that produced with hops from the state of Rio de Janeiro had the highest content (63.2 ±4.21 mg A.G. L-1). In relation to antioxidant activity, water with hops produced in the state of Paraná presented the best result (AAI = 3.79 ± 0.15), with the others having lower and similar values.
Copyright (c) 2024 Eduardo Santos Almeida, Maria Clara Bernardino dos Santos, Geovanna Oliveira Higino de Paula, Claudia Maria Tomas Melo, Wilson Joaquim Boitrago
PARTENOCARPIA E DESENVOLVIMENTO DE FRUTOS DE ABOBRINHA ITALIANA INDUZIDOS POR AUXINA
Italian zucchini is an entomophilous pollinating species. If the number of pollinating insects is low, productivity tends to decrease and can remain stable in two situations: under artificial pollination or via hormonal induction. Parthenocarpy in this species can be induced by exogenous stimuli such as the use of auxins. This group of hormones has been constantly studied regarding their efficiency in producing fruits without pollination or some other stimulus. The objective of this work was to evaluate the occurrence of parthenocarpy and auxin-induced development of Italian zucchini fruits. The design used was in randomized blocks, containing five treatments (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 ml.L-1), concentrations of the growth regulator Stimulate®, with five replications. After harvesting the fruits, the following characteristics were analyzed: quantity of fruits per plot, average length (cm), average weight (kg), soluble solids content and number of days between anthesis and harvest. In relation to the concentration of IBA applied, it had similar productivity when compared to pollination by insects, being a viable method in certain cases for producers. The applications were efficient in the formation of fruits by parthenocarpy, as the results were similar in cases where there was no application.
Copyright (c) 2024 Marcos Paulo Rodrigues Rezende, Givago Coutinho
PROSPECTION OF THE MAIN MEDICINAL APPLICATIONS OF MANDACARU (Cereus jamacaru) THROUGH A LITERATURE REVIEW.
Cereus jamacaru is a plant from the cactaceae family present in the semi-arid northeast, specifically in the Caatinga, presenting characteristics of a tree or shrub, with the presence of flowers, fruits and thorns. Popularly known as mandacaru, this plant has different pharmacological actions reported in local folk medicine, which encourages a search in the literature regarding its medicinal effects with antibiotic, cytotoxic, anti-cytotoxic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal and anthelmintic in the biotechnological and pharmaceutical-therapeutic scope. The present study sought to explore the possible medicinal effects of mandacaru already published in the literature by consulting scientific articles in the Periodicals CAPES, PubMed and LILACS, using the following descriptors: “Cereus jamacaru” and “medicinal”. Among the main activities found are cytotoxic, anti-cytotoxic, antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal and anthelmintic, in addition to its gross use in popular medicine. In relation to biotechnological potential, it was found that the various activities have benefits to be explored by the industry, requiring more investments in exploratory research.
Copyright (c) 2024 Matheus Ulisses Prates Silva, Thâmara Machado e Silva, Pablinny Moreira Galdino de Carvalho, Eduardo Fernandes Barbosa
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS OF NEO 750 IPRO SOYBEAN IN SOUTHEAST GOIANO
Soybeans (Glycine Max. L) have great relevance in the production and economic chain. It is a raw material for several products with a wide variety and is a product of great demand and turnover in world trade. Its importance and production awakens the country's large producers to seek greater profitability and productivity, with the aim of greater economic return. Thus, the objective of the present study was to verify the economic analysis and feasibility of producing NEO 750 IPRO soybeans in an area of ​​59 hectares in the municipality of Ipameri Goiás, in the southeast of Goiás in the 2022/23 harvest. The indicators for the economic viability analysis had a Gross Revenue (RB) = R$ 8,033.35 for 1 hectare; Production Cost= R$ 6,175.58; Net Revenue (RL)= R$ 1,857.77; Leveling Point (PN)= 51 Bags; Benefit Cost Ratio (RB/C) of 1.30; Equilibrium Price (PE)= R$ 93.01; Profitability Index (IL) at 23% and with a Margin of Safety (MS) of -23%. Regarding fluctuations in product prices and production costs, a sensitivity analysis was developed with five situations on economic returns. In the worst case scenario, cultivation would not be sufficient to cover production costs, making it unviable for the producer. KEYWORDS: Economic viability, feedstock, production, soy.
Copyright (c) 2024 Beatriz Aguiar Ribeiro
AVANÇOS E APLICAÇÕES DA TECNOLOGIA qPCR PARA O ESTUDO DE MICROORGANISMOS DO SOLO
Soil plays a fundamental role in maintaining the terrestrial ecosystem, offering various environmental services. Soil health is intrinsically linked to its chemical composition and the diversity of microorganisms present in it. Different molecular tools have been employed to study soil microorganisms, with the quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) technique standing out. qPCR allows for the rapid assessment of the abundance of specific phylogenetic groups of microorganisms in the soil. Although it does not directly assess environmental diversity, the technique is capable of detecting changes that occur in specific groups under varying environmental conditions. Its primary advantages include high specificity, sensitivity, precision, and speed. Nevertheless, some limitations are still mentioned in its use in soil studies, such as the requirement to obtain high-quality DNA, prior knowledge of the sequence being studied, and the possibility of the presence of reaction inhibitors. Bibliometric data demonstrate a continuous increase in quantitative and qualitative metrics in the literature associated with the use of qPCR assays in soil communities. This tool has expanded our understanding of the role of microorganisms in the soil and has contributed to the development of more effective conservation and management strategies that promote the sustainability of this ecosystem. KEYWORDS: Molecular tool; Soil biodiversity; Real-time PCR.
Copyright (c) 2024 Marco Aurélio Batista, Gabriela Gomes Lima, Lucas Matheus Rodrigues Pereira, Matheus Santos Lima, Náthala Maria Simão, Brenda Oliveira Guimarães, Maloni Montanini César Mafei, Monatha Nayara Guimarães Teófilo, Adriano Roberto Vieira, Luciane Madureira Almeida, Samantha Salomão Caramori
Ultrasound-assisted extraction of phenolic compounds from buriti (Maurtitia flexuosa L. f.) pulp
Little has been discussed about the content and profile of phenolic compounds from buriti. The few studies found in the scientific literature diverge about these levels. So, aiming to propose a standardization in the method of extraction of phenolic compounds from buriti pulp and to facilitate the comparison between the results, this work aimed to validate the methodology of extraction of these compounds through an asymmetric factorial design. The optimal conditions for extraction of phenolic compounds in buriti pulp were evaluated in an asymmetric factorial study with three factors (solvent, number of extractions, and time). The extraction procedure consisted of adding the specific solvent to the sample, and submitting it to an ultrasound bath for different times. We concluded that the best treatment was the extraction with acetone in three steps of 30 min each, solid-liquid ratio of 1:10 (g:mL, m/v), using an ultrasonic bath at room temperature.
Nara Rúbia Rodrigues do Nascimento Silva
Copyright (c) 2024 Nara Rúbia Rodrigues do Nascimento Silva, Rodrigo Barbosa Monteiro Cavalcante, Rafael Cosme Machado, Flávio Alves Silva
DESERT ROSE CUTTINGS DUE TO CUTTING PERIODS AND CUTTING TREATMENTS
The desert rose (Adenium obesum) is a plant of the Apocynaceae’s family, which has high ornamental value, being widely used in landscaping for the purpose of decorating indoor spaces and environments. However, it still has smallscientific information to guarantee the adoption of an efficient standard system for the production of seedlings of this species.Thus, the objective was to study the rooting of desert rose cuttings as a function of curing time and treatment of cuttings with IBA and cinnamon powder. The experiment was carried out from June to October 2021, in the city of Paranaíba – MS.The design was completely randomized, in a 3 x 4 factorial arrangement, being respectively, three curing times (0, 3 and 6 days), for four cuttings treatment, composed by the combination of powdered cinnamon (with and without), and of IBA phytohormone (with and without). After the period of 119, the seedlings were evaluated and analyzed for the percentage of survival variables of cuttings, percentage of rooted cuttings, average number of roots per cutting, length of longest root, average number of leaves, fresh matter of leaves, stems and roots.
Copyright (c) 2024 Ivanessa Vieira Oliveira
EXPLORING MECHANISMOS OF ACTION AND THERAPEUTIC POTENCIAL OF Calotropis procera: A LITERATURA REVIEW
Calotropis procera (CP) is a dairy plant belonging to the Apocynaceae family, popularly known in Brazil as “silk cotton”, “old man’s bag” or “quemadeira”. The present study was a narrative literature review with the objective of prospecting and grouping the medicinal and/or pharmacological applications described for CP latex and its possible mechanisms of action. The databases used were “PubMed”, “LILACS” and “Periódicos CAPES” and, after submission to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, the suitable works were selected to compose the results and discussion of this review. Among the main pharmacological activities of CP latex found, anti-inflammatory (main), immunomodulatory, cytotoxic, anthelmintic, anti-diarrheal, anti-nociceptive, anti-fungal and anti-diabetic activities stand out; the biochemical nature of the compounds as well as their main mechanisms of action were discussed. The potential of CP latex as a source of biologically active compounds is undeniable. It is necessary for other studies to be developed to elucidate mechanisms of action that are not yet understood, adverse events and safe dosages so that clinical trials can finally be progressed.
Copyright (c) 2024 Alysson César Silva Viana, Thâmara Machado e Silva, Eduardo Fernandes Barbosa
The present work focuses on the development of fruit growing in the State of Goiás, between the years 2006 to 2022. Data collection was carried out through data obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE), and as variables used were the amount produced in the fields, the value of the production, and the harvested area. The commercial results to which the production of Goiás is a State, however, the cultivation of these fruits walks at a slow pace and some fruits have stopped at the level The fruits most attention in the state are watermelon and orange. ‘Jabuticaba’ appears as a promising crop at the national level, since Goiás is already the largest producer of fruit in Brazil, however, to reach expressive levels nationally, it lacks investment and more producers adhering to the culture. In this study, it will be possible to gather some more recent information on the national fruit industry, to serve as a basis and aid in works and projects that involve the economy, production, and fruit trees in the State of Goiás.
Marcos Vinícius Bohrer Monteiro Siqueira
Myxobiota (Protista, Amoebozoa) from Central Brazil:
This work records the first occurrences of Trichia affinis for the Brazilian Cerrado biome, expanding the geographic distribution of the species in the national territory. These records took place in the Ecological Reserve of the State University of Goiás and in the National Forest of Silvânia, areas of environmental preservation and scientific research. To carry out a reliable identification, comparisons were made between the species belonging to the cryptic complex Trichia favoginea, which in turn includes the species Trichia favoginea, Trichia persimilis and Trichia affinis.
Copyright (c) 2023 Lucca Araujo Toschi; Izabel Cristina Moreira, Solange Xavier Santos
PRODUÇÃO DE MUDAS DE BRÓCOLIS EM DIFERENTES SUBSTRATOS
The proper choice of substrate is an important step in the production of vegetable seedlings; there are many options available in the market, and these can influence the quality of seedlings. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of different commercial substrates on the production of broccoli seedlings. The experiment was carried out in an agricultural greenhouse. The treatments consisted of the substrates Agrinobre, Carolina Soil, Garden Plus, Golden Mix, Soil Plus, and Soil Misto. The evaluations carried out were: percentage of plant emergence, number of leaves, plant height, root length and dry mass of shoots and roots. The results were submitted to analysis of variance and comparison of means (p<0.05). It is concluded that the Golden Mix substrate provided a higher percentage of plant emergence, however, the growth of seedlings was lower in relation to the others, mainly due to its lower water retention observed; the other substrates provided the production of seedlings with desirable characteristics, varying their performance as a function of the evaluated parameter. At 35 DAS, with the exception of the Golden Mix substrate, the others provided the production of broccoli seedlings cultivar Ramoso Santana with height and number of leaves, and a well-developed root system, suitable for transplantation.
Copyright (c) 2023 Beatris Orso, Gabrieli Cristina Pandolfo, VANESSA Neumann SILVA
EXPLORANDO DIFERENTES RECURSOS DIDÁTICOS NO ENSINO FUNDAMENTAL
Elementary school is, for most students, the first contact with learning Science, and therefore, didactic strategies can facilitate the understanding of themes as complex as the contents that address cell biology. The objective of this study was to apply different didactic resources in teaching cells to elementary school students in an event at a public school in Anápolis/GO. It was carried out within the scope of the extension project “Popularizando Ciências com Riqueza de Detalhes”, promoting a scientific dissemination action, in Anápolis/GO, on March 29, 2023, at Escola Paroquial Santo Antônio. The dynamics consisted of organizing students into groups for the theoretical explanation of the content, with the aid of three-dimensional models of animal and plant cells, with subsequent observation of plant cells in an optical microscope; with a total of 750 students participating directly. Students were encouraged to identify, learn about and recognize the basic cell structures, especially DNA, a fact that called attention and aroused curiosity and enthusiasm in students, however, nothing surpassed the experience of coming into contact with the microscope, which was made available so that everybody present could view a histological section of Elodea sp. There is a need for public and private investment in the acquisition of materials and equipment that promote a more investigative and constructivist science teaching, but as this reality is still challenging, university interaction and basic education, through extension actions, can mutually collaborate for the development of scientific competences of all those involved.
Copyright (c) 2023 G Lily Menglynn McKeral-Gould, Charles Lima Ribeiro, Bruno Pereira Lemos, Andreia Juliana Rodrigues Caldeira
RETICULAÇÃO DE POLISSACARÍDEO DE CAJUEIRO DO CERRADO (ANACARDIUM OTHONIANUM RIZZ.), ANACARDIACEAE E DEGRADAÇÃO DO HIDROGEL POR ASPERGILLUS NIGER
In this study, we tested the use of the cashew tree (PEJU) polysaccharide as a carbon source for A. niger and the feasibility of trapping fungal biomass using hydrogel as a support. The hydrogel was the product obtained by cross-linking the gum polysaccharide by the reaction of epichlorohydrin and glutaraldehyde. PEJU was offered as the only carbon source for the cultivation of A. niger. After 96 h of cultivation, the dry weight before and after cultivation was measured. The crosslinking conditions of the polysaccharide by glutaraldehyde for A. othonianum Rizz. were optimized in this work. The yield was compared to that performed with epichlorohydrin. The hydrogels obtained from the crosslinking were incubated with spores of A. niger for 96 h. The culture medium, containing PEJU as a carbon source, allowed the increase of A. niger biomass, being higher in agitation conditions. The hydrogel yield by glutaraldehyde was 20.4% and by epichlorohydrin, 78.13%. The biomass of A. niger, after the culture of reticulated gum, increased. The product obtained from the cross-linking of the polysaccharide, the hydrogel, was not degraded by the fungal biomass.
EFFECTS OF CULTIVATION CONDITIONS FOR OBTAINING FUNGAL PELLETS
Filamentous fungi are widely used un biotechnology for the production various products. The pellets are densely intertwined spherical clusters of mycelia, which facilitate the separations of biomass from the culture medium. The objective of this study was to evaluate the formation of pellets of the fungus Aspergillus niger in two different culture media, enriched with different sources of nitrogen and pH variation. Fungal spores were incubated in the two culture media evaluated, at pH 6, 7, 8 and 9 at 28ºC for 48 h in an orbital shaker. Total supend solids (TSS) analysis was performed to assess pellet growth and means were compared using Two-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (<0,05). The Sabouraud medium showed a significant difference in yield between pH 7 and pH 9. The composite medium also showed differences in yield and pellet morphology according to the pH used. The study concluded that the type of culture medium and pH directly influence the growth of fungal pellets. The Sabouraud medium performed better, with different results depending on the pH used. The pH close to the optimal value of 7 was more favorable for biomass production.
Copyright (c) 2023 Flaviane Borges Teixeira, Ester Vieira Gonçalves, Fernanda Melo Carneiro, Solange Xavier Santos, Samantha Salomão Caramori
EFFECTS OF SALINIZATION CAUSED BY CALCIUM CHLORIDE, SODIUM CHLORIDE AND POTASSIUM CHLORIDE ON THE INITIAL GROWTH OF LETTUCE (Lactuca sativum).
: The excess of salts in the soil is a form of plant stress and can occur naturally in semi-arid, arid, and coastal regions or be caused by human activity, such as the excessive use of chemical fertilizers. The objective of this work was to test the effects of the addition of three mineral salts: calcium chloride (CaCl2), sodium chloride (NaCl) and potassium chloride (KCl), on the initial growth of lettuce. Exploratory research was carried out in which lettuce seeds were germinated in Petri dishes in the presence and absence of CaCl2, NaCl and KCl salts at water potentials of -0.15MPa; -0.3MPa and -0.6PMPa and placed in a germination chamber for seven days. The experimental design used was completely randomized (DIC) with nine treatments and three replications. The quantified variables were germination percentage, germination speed index, root length, fresh biomass, cell viability test and analysis of chlorophyll contents. The results obtained showed that the tested mineral salts reduced the germination and initial growth of lettuce. NaCl was the salt that most affected the initial growth of the vegetable and caused cell death in the roots.
Copyright (c) 2023 Franciele Zanardo Bohm, Millena Neto Souza